Nicht-negativeMatrixFaktorisierungnutzendes-KlangsynthesenSystem (NiMFKS): Extensions of NMF-based Concatenative Sound Synthesis
Concatenative sound synthesis (CSS) entails synthesising a “target” sound with other sounds collected in a “corpus.” Recent work explores CSS using non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) to approximate a target sonogram by the product of a corpus sonogram and an activation matrix. In this paper, we propose a number of extensions of NMF-based CSS and present an open MATLAB implementation in a GUI-based application we name NiMFKS. In particular we consider the following extensions: 1) we extend the NMF framework by implementing update rules based on the generalised β-divergence; 2) We add an optional monotonic algorithm for sparse-NMF; 3) we tackle the computational challenges of scaling to big corpora by implementing a corpus pruning preprocessing step; 4) we generalise constraints that may be applied to the activation matrix shape; and 5) we implement new modes of interacting with the procedure by enabling sketching and modifying of the activation matrix. Our application, NiMFKS and source code can be downloaded from here: https: //code.soundsoftware.ac.uk/projects/nimfks.