This paper describes a sound synthesis technique that modulates the coefficients of allpass filter chains using audio-rate frequencies. It was found that modulating a single allpass filter section produces a feedback AM–like spectrum, and that its bandwidth is extended and further processed by non-sinusoidal FM when the sections are cascaded. The cascade length parameter provides dynamic bandwidth control to prevent upper range aliasing artifacts, and the amount of spectral content within that band can be controlled using a modulation index parameter. The technique is capable of synthesizing rich and evolving timbres, including those resembling classic virtual analog waveforms. It can also be used as an audio effect with pitch-tracked input sources. Software and sound examples are available at http://www.acoustics.hut.fi/publications/papers/dafx09-cm/

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This paper investigates a number of digital methods to produce the Analog subtractive synthesis effect of ‘Hard Synchronisation.’ While the original effect is produced by an explicit waveform phase reset, other approaches are given that produce an equivalent output. In particular, based on measurements taken from a real-analog synthesizer, a comb filtering model is proposed. This description ties in with earlier work but here an explicit structure is provided. This filter-based approach is then shown to be far more computationally efficient than the synchronisation by phase reset. This efficiency is at a minor cost as it is shown that it has a minimal impact on the sonic accuracy.

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