This paper investigates the properties of a recently proposed physical model of nonlinear tension modulation effects in a struck circular membrane. The model simulates dynamic variations of tension (and consequently of partial frequencies) due to membrane stretching during oscillation, and is based on a more general theory of geometric nonlinearities in elastic plates. The ability of the nonlinear membrane model to simulate real-world acoustic phenomena is assessed here through resynthesis of recorded membrane (rototom) sounds. The effects of air loading and tension modulation in the recorded sounds are analyzed, and model parameters for resynthesis are consequently estimated. The example reported in the paper show that the model is able to accurately simulate the analyzed rototom sounds.

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Above a certain amplitude, membrane vibration becomes nonlinear due to the variation of surface tension. This leads to audible pitch glides, which greatly contribute to the characteristic timbre of tom-tom drums of the classical drum set and many other percussion instruments. Therefore, there is a strong motivation to take the tension modulation effect into account in drum synthesis. Some models do already exist that model this phenomenon, however, their computational complexity is significantly higher compared to linear membrane models. This paper applies an efficient methodology previously developed for the string to model the quasistatic part (short-time average) of the surface tension. The efficient modeling is based on the linear relationship between the quasistatic tension and membrane energy, since the energy can be computed at a relatively low computational cost. When this energy-based tension modulation is added to linear membrane models, the perceptually most relevant pitch glides are accurately synthesized, while the increase in computational complexity is negligible.

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